Archive Meta Data

Author(s)

Gyula Mate Kovács, Xiaoye Tong, Stefan Oehmcke, Dimitri Gominski, Stéphanie Horion, Rasmus Fensholt

Title

Manuscript Data 2024-07-14140

Description

### Dataset Metadata Description

Dataset Title: Major European Wetland Types at 10-meter resolution

Summary: 
In 2018, we utilized 10-meter resolution satellite data and machine learning to map six wetland types across Europe, achieving a 94±0.5% accuracy. The dataset includes optical data from Sentinel-2 MSI and SAR imagery from Sentinel-1, processed via Google Earth Engine. We employed the CORINE Land Cover (CLC) dataset covering 38 European countries. For a pixel-based classification, we used the XGBoost model, which effectively handles multi-class problems and noisy labels. Evaluation on 10,075 samples showed an accuracy of 94±0.5%, with a mean precision of 85% and recall of 88%. Precision ranged from 67% (inland marshes) to 96% (salines), and recall from 75% (moors & heathland) to 87% (inland marshes). F1 scores ranged from 73% to 95%.

Data Sources:
- Optical Data: Sentinel-2 MSI, Level-1C TOA reflectance, 10-meter resolution.
- SAR Imagery: Sentinel-1, 10-meter resolution.
- Land Cover Data: CORINE Land Cover (CLC) dataset, covering 38 European countries.

Ancillary Data:

- Land surface temperature from MOD11A1 V6.1 product, 1-kilometer resolution, 2000-2020.
- Total precipitation data from ERA5, 27-kilometer resolution, 2000-2020.
- Digital Elevation Model (EU-DEM 1.1), 25-meter resolution and derivatives.
- Proximity layer to significant soil types and parent materials from the European Soil Database v2.0, including dystric histosols organic parent materials from Level-3 FAO Soil Classification.
- Spatial information on terrestrial biomes from the RESOLVE Ecoregions dataset.

Machine Learning Model: XGBoost, optimized for multi-class classification and robust to noisy labels.

Performance Metrics:
- Model Accuracy: 94±0.5%
- Mean Precision: 85%
- Mean Recall: 88%
- Precision Range: 67% (inland marshes) to 96% (salines)
- Recall Range: 75% (moors & heathland) to 87% (inland marshes)
- F1-Score Range: 73% (moors & heathland) to 95% (salines)